1. Scraped for now. I'm Testing will card damage values ever exceed 50 HP of damage needed for critical organ damage, and how much of that value is getting close to that.
Example: You were very close to do it with regular card, but only because your perk was involved. It seams, basic cards will never be enough to really damage someone. With the STRENGTH rule on, you would have 85 damage dealt (half of that is 42.5 which is still lower than 50). I would like to be it this way, to present that BASIC DECK is really obsolete when you need to hurt or kill someone.

2. As I said, ORIGINAL characteristics dictate those things, not the added value given by perks. So, answer is no.

3. Have effect of healing time. Every bruise = 8 hours of healing real time. Generally, someone who is really beaten up would have to rest day or two on the map. :}

I hope these answers were helpful.